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700                          Bewcastle Cross (Northumbrian School, Culmerland)

                                Lindisfarne Gospels

                                Echternach Gospels

                                FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Toltec arrive at Mexican central plateau

                                Arabs capture Tunis - Christianity in North Africa is almost exterminated

                                Thuringia becomes part of the Frankish Kingdom

                                Psalms are translated into Anglo-Saxon

                                Irish and Anglo-Saxon missionaries on the Continent

                                Monastic schools flourish

                                Spread of Buddhism to Nepal and Tibet (-800)

                                Cunibert -                              (Lombard Kingdom)                            (688-)

                                Halfdan Huitben -                 (Norway)

                                Eystein +                               (Norway)

701                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Aribert II +                            (Lombard Kingdom)                            (-712)

                                Sergius I -                              (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (687-)

                                John VI +                               (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-705)

702                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Arabic made official language of Egypt

                                Ethiopians attack Arab ships in Red Sea

                                Arabs occupy Ethiopian ports

                                Ergica -                                   (Visigoth Kingdom)                             (687-)

                                Witiza +                                 (Visigoth Kingdom)                             (-709)

703                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

704                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

705                          Mosaic decoration in the Umayyad Mosque (-715)

                                FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Tiberius III -                          (Byzantine Empire)                               (698-)      Apsimar

                                Justinian II +                         (Byzantine Empire)                               (-711)      (Rhinometus)

                                'Abd al-Malik -                      (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (685-)      5th Umayyad Caliph 

                                al-Walid I +                           (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-715)      6th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Empress Wu -                       (China)

                                John VI -                                (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (701-)

                                John VII +                              (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-707)

706                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

707                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Muslims capture Tangier

                                John VII -                               (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (705-)

708                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Anchialus - Bulgarians defeat Justinan II's invading army - Bulgarians gain new territory

                                Sisinnius +-                           (Patriarchate of Rome)                         *****

                                Constantine +                       (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-715)

709                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Muslims capture Ceuta

                                Witiza -                                  (Visigoth Kingdom)                             (702-)

                                Roderic +                               (Visigoth Kingdom)                             (-711)

710                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Justinian II confirms papal privileges

                                Muslims invade Spain and Indus Valley (-711)

                                Japanese begin to build capital city near modern day Nara (Yamato pen.) in emulation of China's Ch'ang-an

711                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Berbers (Moors) under Tarik invade Spain; Roderic defeated -  Visigothic Kingdom in Spain ends (4/30)

                                Justinian II is executed during revolt led by Philippicus (12)

                                Arab invasion of Sind

                                Moorish Conquest of Spain

                                Justinian II -                          (Byzantine Empire)                               (705-)      Rhinometus (Last Heraclian Emperor)

                                Philippicus +                         (Byzantine Empire)                               (-713)      Bardanes

                                Roderic -                                (Visigoth Kingdom)                             (709-)

                                Tarik and Musa +                 (Moorish Amirate)                               (-714)

                                Childebert III -                      (France)                                                 (695-)

                                Dagobert III +                       (France)                                                 (-715)

712                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Muslims establish state in Sind (Pakistan)

                                Hsuan Tsung +                    (T'ang China)                                        (-751)

                                Aribert II -                             (Lombard Kingdom)                            (701-)

                                Liutprand +                           (Lombard Kingdom)                            (-744)     

713                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Liutprand, king of the Lombards, intoduces leases on land without permanent tenure

                                Philippicus -                          (Byzantine Empire)                               (711-)      Bardanes

                                Anastasius II +                     (Byzantine Empire)                               (-715)      Artemius

                                Hsuan-tsung +                     (T'ang China)                                        (-755)      8th Tang Emperor

714                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pepin II of Herstal -              (Austrasia) (Neustria)                         (680-)      (Mayor of the Palace)

                                Charles Martel +                   (Austrasia) (Neustria)                         (-741)      (Mayor of the Palace)

                                Tarik and Musa -                  (Moorish Amirate)                               (711-)

                                Abdelaziz +                           (Moorish Amirate)                               (-717)

715                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                FRANKISH CIVIL WAR +  (715-718)

                                Anastasius II  -                     (Byzantine Empire)                               (713-)      Artemius

                                Dagobert III -                        (France                                                   (711-)

                                Chilperic II +                         (France)                                                 (-720)

                                al-Walid I -                            (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (705-)      6th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Sulayman +                           (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-717)      7th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Constantine -                        (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (708-)

                                Gregory II +                           (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-731)

                                Ibn Misjah -                                                                          -715                         Musician (Arabian)

716                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR ...   (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                FRANKISH CIVIL WAR ...  (715-718)

                                Second Arab seige of Constantinople  (-717)

                                Theodosius III +                  (Byzantine Empire)                               (-717)

717                          FIRST BYZANTINE-ARAB WAR -  (630-717)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                FRANKISH CIVIL WAR ...  (715-718)

                                Isaurian dynasty in the Byzantine Empire (-796)

                                Lifting of the last Arab siege of Constantinople by Leo III

                                Initiation of internal reforms by Umar II

                                Theodosius III -                   (Byzantine Empire)                               (716-)

                                Leo III +                                (Byzantine Empire)                               (717-741)                the Isaurian 

                                Sulayman -                           (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (715-)      7th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Umar II +                               (Umayyid Caliphate)                            (717-720) 8th Umayyad Caliph  ('Abd al-'Aziz)

                                Abdelaziz -                            (Moorish Amirate)                               (714-)      Omayyad?

718                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                FRANKISH CIVIL WAR -  (715-718)

                                Chilperic II becomes sole ruler of united Frankish Kingdom

                                Visigothic prince Pelayo founds kingdom of the Asturias in Spanish Mountains

                                Moors who hold rest of Spain and Portugal advance northwards

                                Coenred -                               (Northumbria Kingdom)                      (716-718)                King

                                Osric +                                   (Northumbria Kingdom)                      (718-729)                King

                                Aethelbald ...                        (Mercia Kingdom)                                (716-757)                King

                                Aelfwald ...                            (East Anglia Kingdom)                       (713-749)                King

                                Ine ...                                      (Wessex Kingdom)                              (688-726)                King

                                Saelred ...                               (Essex Kingdom)                                  (709-746)                King

                                Swaefbert ...                          (Essex Kingdom)                                  (715-738)                co-king appointed by Saelred

                                Wihtred ...                             (Kent Kingdom)                                   (690-725)                King

                                Chilperic II ...+                      (Neustria)(Frankinsh Kingdom)         (715-720)(718-721)

                                Charles Martel ...+                (Austrasia)(Neustria)(Frankinsh Kingdom)     (714-741)(717-741)(718-)      Mayor

                                Odo the Great ...                   (Aquitaine)                                            (700-735)                Duke (aka Eudes)

                                Clothar IV-                             (Austrasia)                                            (717-718)

                                Kormesiy ...                           (Bulgaria)                                               (715-721)

                                Leo III ...                                (Byzantine Empire)                               (717-741)                the Isaurian 

                                Alhor +                                  (Moorish Amirate)                               (718-719)

                                Pelayo +                                (Asturias)                                              (718-737)                Visigothic prince

                                Umar II ...                               (Umayyid Caliphate)                            (717-720) 8th Umayyad Caliph  ('Abd al-'Aziz)

                                Xuanzong ...                          (T'ang China)                                        (712-756)                6th Tang Emperor

                                Pushkaraksha                       (Chenla Kingdom/Kambuja)               (715-???)                (Khmer)Ruler of Shambhupura

719                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Alhor -                                   (Moorish Amirate)                               (718-)

720                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Chilperic II -                          (France)                                                 (715-720)

                                Thierry IV +                           (France)                                                 (-741)

                                'Abd al-'Aziz -                       (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (717-)      8th Umayyad Caliph  'Umar ibn

                                Yazid II +                               (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-724)      9th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Paul the Deacon                                                                   720-800                   Lombard Historian

721                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Toulouse - Franks defeat Muslim invading force (6/9)

                                Gerber                                                                                    721-776

722                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Covadonga - Christians defeat Moors in Spain (late summer)

723                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

724                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Yazid II -                                (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (720-)      9th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Hisham +                               (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-743)      10th Umayyad Caliph 

725                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Copts in Egypt rebel

726                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pope Leo III begins Iconoclast movement against images - opposed by Pope Gregory II (-730)

                                King Ine of Wessex first levies "Peter's Pence" - tax to support a college in Rome

727                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

728                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

729                          History of the English Church and People (Bede)                          (730)(731)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

730                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pope Gregory II excommunicates Leo III

                                Abderraman of Gafeki +      (Moorish Amirate)

                                Eystein -                                  (Norway)

                                Halfdan Millde +                   (Norway)                                               (-784)

                                Alcuin of York                                                                      730-804

731                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Gregory II -                              (Patriarchate of Rome)                       (715-731)

                                Gregory III +                            (Patriarchate of Rome)                       (731-741)

732                          The Disciple , Foruna (Nara Period, Japan)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Tours - Charles Martel defeats Moors and  halts Muslim northward advance (10/10)

                                Accession of Sanjaya (Java)

                                Abderraman of Gafeki -       (Moorish Amirate)

                                Sanjaya +                               (Java)

733                          Shikkongojin - Thunderbolt-bearer (Nara Period, Japan)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Leo III withdraws Byzantine provinces of southern Italy from papal jurisdiction

734                          Ashura (Kofukuji) (Nara Period, Japan)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Liutprand, king of the Lombards, again introduces leases on land without permanent tenure

735                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Harold Hildetand -                 (Denmark)(Sweden)                             (647-)      Skioldung

                                Sigurd Ring +                        (Denmark)(Sweden)                             (-750)      Skioldung

                                Bede                                                                                       673-735   Monk/Historian (Jarrow Monastery)

736                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

737                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Narbonne - Charles Martel defeats the Moors again

                                Nanchao Kingdom created after Pileguo with the help of the Tang Dynasty unites 6 zhaos in Yunnan

                                Pelayo -                                  (Asturias)                                              (718-)

                                Favila +                                  (Asturias)                                              (-739)

738                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

739                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pope Gregory III sends an embassy to Charles Martel seeking protection against the Lombards

                                Coptic rebellion again  in Egypt

                                Favila -                                   (Asturias)                                              (737-)

                                Alfonso I +                            (Asturias)                                              (-757)      the Catholic          

                                Willibrord                                                                              658-739   Anglo-Saxon Missionary / Apostle of Frisia 

740                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Constantine V +                   (Byzantine Empire)                               (-775)      Copronymus

741                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Carolingian House in Frankish Kingdom (-928)

                                Leo III -                                  (Byzantine Empire)                               (717-)      the Isaurian

                                Theodoric IV -                      (France)                                                 (720-)

                                Childeric III +                        (France)                                                 (-751)

                                Charles Martel -                    (France)                                                (714-)      (the Hammer)  (Mayor of the Palace)

                                Pepin III the Short +            (Neustria)                                                              s.  Charles Martel (Mayor of the Palace)

                                Carloman +                            (Nuestria) (Burgundy)                         (-747)      (Mayor )

                                Gregory III -                          (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (731-)

                                Zacharias +                           (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-752)

                                Charles Martel                                                                      688-741                   Carolingian Mayor

742                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Plague hits Europe again -743

                                Charlemagne                                                                         742-814                   Emperor (Aachen)

743                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Hisham -                                (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (724-)      10th Umayyad Caliph 

                                al-Walid II +                          (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-744)      11th Umayyad Caliph 

744                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Liutprand -                            (Lombard Kingdom)                            (712-)

                                Rachis of Friuli +                  (Lombard Kingdom)                            (-749)

                                al-Walid II -                           (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (743-)      11th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Yazid III +-                             (Omayyid Caliphate)                            *****    12th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Ibrahim +-                              (Omayyid Caliphate)                            *****    13th Umayyad Caliph 

                                Marwan II +                          (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (-750)      14th Umayyad Caliph  al-Himar

745                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

746                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Greeks retake Cyprus from Arabs

747                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Abu Muslim unites most of the Arab Empire in the Abbasid revolt against Omayyads - raises the black banners

                                Carloman -                             (France)                                                 (741-)      (Mayor of the Palace)

748                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

749                          Abu Muslim establishes Abu Abbas as-Saffah as 1st Caliph

                                Rachis of Friuli -                   (Lombard Kingdom)                            (744-)

                                Aistulf +                                  (Lombard Kingdom)                            (-756)

                                Abu l Abbas as-Saffah +       (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (-754)      1st Abbasid Caliph (shedder of blood)

                                John of Damascus                                                               675-749                   Syrian Doctor & Father of the Church

750                          The Night-Shing White Steed (Han Kan)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle on the Great Zab - Abbas (Abbasids) defeats Marwan II and supplant Umayyad rule (1/25)

                                ----------------------------------------------------

                                Pope Zacharias encourages Pepin to depose the Merovingian figurehead

                                Irish monastery St. Gall in Switzerland founded

                                Caliphate capital moved from Damascus to Baghdad

                                Rise of Imperial Pratiharas - rise of Rashtrakutas

                                Marwan II -                           (Omayyid Caliphate)                            (744-)      14th (last) Umayyad Caliph al-Himar

                                Sigurd Ring -                         (Denmark)(Sweden)                             (735-)      Skioldung

                                Ragnar Lodbrok +                (Denmark)(Sweden)                             (-794)      Skioldung

751                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Talas River - Abbassid Caliphate vs. Tang China (7)

                                Pepin the Short sends embassy to the Pope to ask if he thought it right that there should be two Frankish rulers

                                Lombards under Aistulf capture Ravenna from the Byzantine Empire

                                Constantine V instructs Pope Zacharias to go to Pavia and negotiate the return of the exarchate to Byzantium

                                Pepin the Short dethrones Childeric III at Soissons

                                Pepin the Short crowned King of the Franks - end of Merovingian House - start of Carolingian Dynasty (-928)

                                Ommayid Caliphate falls in Egypt

                                Arabs learn papermaking from captured Chinese prisoners - use of paper spreads westward in the empire

                                Arabs defeat Chinese at Samarkand

                                Childeric III -                         (France)                                                 (741-)

                                Pepin III the Short ++          (France)                                                 (-768)      King

                                Hsuan Tsung -                     (T'ang China)                                        (712-)

752                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pepin the Short recaptures Septimania "thanks to factional rivalry between Abbasids and Ommayads (-759)

                                Zacharias -                            (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (741-752)

                                Stephen II +- (never consecrated)                                                     *****

                                Stephen II (or III) +               (Patriarchate of Rome)                        (752-757)

753                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

754                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pope Stephen II arrives in Gaul and annoints Pepin the Short, confers title of Patricius, regent/protector of Italy

                                Death of Abbas - Mansur succeeds

                                Abu l Abbas as-Saffah -     (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (749-)      1st Abbasid Caliph

                                al-Mansur +                          (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (-775)      2nd Abbasid Caliph

755                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Rebellion of An Lu-shan

                                Hsuan-tsung -                      (T'ang China)                                        (713-)(712-)            8th T'ang Emperor               

756                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pepin leads an army to protect Pope Stephen III from the Lombards

                                Donation of Pepin:  Papal states founded in Italy

                                Independent western Omayyad Caliphate (Emirate of Cordoba) formed under Abd-al-Rahman I

                                Aistulf -                                 (Lombard Kingdom)                            (749-)

                                Desiderius +                          (Lombard Kingdom)                            (-774)

                                Abder Rahman I +                (Cordovan Amirate)                             (-788)      Ommayad escapee from Damascus

757                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Aethelbald King of Mercia is murdered Staffordshire – killed by his own household at night

                                Offa king of Mercia builds Offa's Dyke to keep out the Welsh

                                Rashtrakuta Dynasty begins with assertion of feudatory Dantidurga Rashtrakuta (-973)

                                Aethelbald -                          (Mercia Kingdom)                               (716-757)              King

                                Offa +                                     (Mercia)                                                (757-796)              King

                                Alfonso I -                             (Asturias)                                             (739-757)              the Catholic

                                Fruela I +                              (Asturias)                                             (757-768)

                                Stephen II (or III) -              (Patriarchate of Rome)                       (752-757)

                                Paul I +                                 (Patriarchate of Rome)                       (757-767)

758                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

759                          Carolingian Gospel Book (Aachen Cathedral) (-810)

                                BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Muslims retreat permantly south of the Pyrenees

760                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Gaonate of Yehudai (-763)

                                Palas in Bengal

                                Anan, religious leader active  

761                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

762                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Mansur founds Baghdad as the new capitol (-763)

763                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Anchialus - Constantine V defeats Bulgars

764                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

765                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Death of Ja'far al-Sadiq - Imam of the Husaynid line of the Shi'a - the division of the Shi' begins after his death

                                A school of medicine founded in Baghdad

766                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Harun al Raschid                                                                  766-809

767                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Coptic Revolt again (-772)

                                Paul I -                                    (Patriarchate of Rome)                        (757-)

                                Constantine (antipope) +   (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (-769)

                                Han Yu                                                                                   767-824

768                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Pepin the Short -                  (France)                                                 (741-)(751-)           

                                Carloman +                            (France)                                                 (-771)

                                Fruela I -                                (Asturias)                                              (757-)

                                Aurelio +                               (Asturias)                                              (-774)      Aurelius                                

                                Philip (antipope) +-              (Patriarchate of Rome)                           *****

                                Stephen III (or IV) +             (Patriarchate of Rome)                           (-772)

769                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Constantine (antipope) -      (Patriarchate of Rome)                          (767-)

770                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

771                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Carloman -                             (France)                                                 (768-)

                                Charlemagne ++                   (France)                                                 (-814)      son of Pepin

772                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Charlemagne subdues Saxony and converts it to Christianity

                                Stephen III (or IV) -                (Patriarchate of Rome)                        (768-772)

                                Adrian I +                                (Patriarchate of Rome)                         (772-795)

773                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

774                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Seige of Pavia - Charlemagne versus Desiderius

                                Charlemagne defeats and annexes Lombard kingdom in Italy at the urging of Pope Adrian I

                                Charlemagne comes to Rome and confirms the Donation of Pepin and joins additional provinces

                                Adrian makes Charlemagne Patrician of the Romans - protectorate over all Italy

                                Desiderius -                           (Lombard Kingdom)                            (756-)      end of Lombard Kingdom

                                Aurelio -                                (Asturias)                                              (768-)      Aurelius

                                Silo +                                      (Asturias)                                              (-783)

775                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Constantine V -                    (Byzantine Empire)                               (740-)      Copronymus

                                Leo IV +                                 (Byzantine Empire)                               (-780)      the Khazar

                                al-Mansur -                           (Abbasid               Caliphate)                             (754-)      2nd Abbasid Caliph

                                al-Mahdi +                             (Abbasid               Caliphate)                             (-785)      3rd Abbasid Caliph

776                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Death of Abu Hanifa - founder of the Hafanite School of Law

                                Gerber                                                                                    721-776

777                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

778                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Battle of Roncesvalles - Moors and Basques defeat Franks in Pyrenees (8/15)

                                Charlemagne creates Spanish March

                                Louis I The Pious                                                                 778-840   Emperor of the West

779                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Offa king of Mercia becomes king of all England

780                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Constantine VI a child under the influence of his mother Irene

                                Tax reform in China

                                Leo IV -                                  (Byzantine Empire)                               (775-)      the Khazar

                                Constantine VI +                  (Byzantine Empire)                               (-797)

                                Al Khowarizmi                                                                      780-850

781                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Bishopric of Bremen founded

782                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Charlemagne summons Alcuin of York to head palace school at Aachen - revival of learning in Europe

                                Saxons revolt against Frankish control - 4,500 beheaded in one day

783                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Silo -                                       (Asturias)                                              (774-)

                                Mauregato +                         (Asturias)                                              (-788)      the usurper

784                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Halfdan Millde -                   (Norway)                                               (730-)

                                Gudrod Mikillati +                (Norway)                                               (-824)

785                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                al-Mahdi -                              (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (775-)      3rd Abbasid Caliph

                                al-Hadi +                                (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (-786)      4th Abbasid Caliph

786                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Accession of Harun al-Rashid - Abbasid courtly life at its height

                                Mosque at Cordova begun (-987)  (985)

                                al-Hadi -                                 (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (785-)      4th Abbasid Caliph

                                Harun al-Rashid +                (Abbasid Caliphate)                            (-809)      5th Abbasid Caliph (Baghdad)

                                Mamun                                                                                  786-833                   7th Abbasid Caliph             

787                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                First Danish invasion of Britain

                                2nd Council of Nicaea - restoration of images

                                Abbasid Caliphate no longer recognized west of Egypt

788                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Charlemagne annexes Bavaria

                                Morocco becomes independent under the Idrisid dynasty

                                Abder Rahman I -                (Cordovan Amirate)             (756-)      Ommayad escapee from Damascus

                                Hisham I +                             (Cordovan Amirate)                             (-799)

                                Mauregato -                          (Asturias)                                              (783-)      the usurper

                                Bermudo I +                          (Asturias)                                              (-791)      the Deacon (Veremund)

                                Sankara                                                                                  788-820

789                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

790                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

791                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Constantine VI imprisons his mother because of her cruelty and assumes power

                                Harun al Raschid wages war with Byzantine Empire

                                Bermudo I -                           (Asturias)                                              (788-)      the Deacon (Veremund)

                                Alfonso II +                          (Asturias)                                              (-842)      the Chaste

792                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Palace Chapel of Charlemagne begins(Odo of Metz)

793                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

794                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Kyoto capital city begins construction - Beginning of Heian Period in Japan (-1185)

                                Council of Frankfurt  - called by Charlemagne - condems Adoptionist Heresy

                                Ragnar Lodbrok -                (Denmark)(Sweden)                             (750-)      Skioldung

                                Sigurd Snogoie +                 (Denmark)                                              (-803)      Sigfred

                                Bjorn Ironside +                   (Sweden)                                               (-804)      Skioldung

795                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Death of Anas ibn Malik - founder of the Malikite School of Law

                                Adrian I -                               (Roman Patriarchate)                         (772-795) Pope

                                Leo III +                                 (Roman Patriarchate)                         (795-816) Pope

                                Lothair I                                                                                 795-855                   Emperor of the West

796                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Death of Offa ends Mercian supremacy in England

                                Charlemagne annihilates the Avars

                                Coup d'etat of Irene in Byzanine Empire

                                Offa -                                      (Mercia)                                                (757-796)              King

797                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Irene has her son Constantine VI blinded

                                Constantine VI -                  (Byzantine Empire)                             (780-797)              Emperor

                                Irene +                                   (Byzantine Empire)                             (797-802)              Empress

798                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

799                          BYZANTINE-BULGARIAN WARS ...   (680-1355)

                                Independent Aghlabid dynasty in Tunisia (-800)

                                Hisham I -                             (Cordovan Amirate)                            (788-799)              Emir

                                Hakam I +                             (Cordovan Amirate)                            (799-822)              Emir

 




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